ModernUO/Projects/Server/Timer/Timer.TimerWheel.cs

/*************************************************************************
 * ModernUO                                                              *
 * Copyright 2019-2021 - ModernUO Development Team                       *
 * Email: hi@modernuo.com                                                *
 * File: Timer.TimerWheel.cs                                             *
 *                                                                       *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or     *
 * (at your option) any later version.                                   *
 *                                                                       *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
 *************************************************************************/

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

namespace Server
{
    public partial class Timer
    {
        private const int _ringSizePowerOf2 = 12;
        private const int _ringSize = 1 << _ringSizePowerOf2; // 4096
        private const int _ringLayers = 3;
        private const int _tickRatePowerOf2 = 3;
        private const int _tickRate = 1 << _tickRatePowerOf2; // 8ms

        private static readonly Timer[][] _rings = new Timer[_ringLayers][];
        private static readonly int[] _ringIndexes = new int[_ringLayers];

        private static long _lastTickTurned = -1;
        private static bool _timerWheelExecuting;

        public static void Init(long tickCount)
        {
            _lastTickTurned = tickCount;

            for (int i = 0; i < _rings.Length; i++)
            {
                _rings[i] = new Timer[_ringSize];
                _ringIndexes[i] = 0;
            }
        }

        public static int Slice(long tickCount)
        {
            var deltaSinceTurn = tickCount - _lastTickTurned;
            var events = 0;
            while (deltaSinceTurn >= _tickRate)
            {
                deltaSinceTurn -= _tickRate;
                _lastTickTurned += _tickRate;
                events += Turn() ? 1 : 0;
            }

            return events;
        }

        private static bool Turn()
        {
            bool events = false;
            _timerWheelExecuting = true;
            var turnNextWheel = false;

            var _executingRings = new Timer[_ringLayers];

            // Detach the chain from the timer wheel. This allows adding timers to the same slot during execution.
            for (var i = 0; i < _ringLayers; i++)
            {
                if (i == 0 || turnNextWheel)
                {
                    var ringIndex = ++_ringIndexes[i];
                    turnNextWheel = ringIndex >= _ringSize;

                    if (turnNextWheel)
                    {
                        ringIndex = _ringIndexes[i] = 0;
                    }

                    _executingRings[i] = _rings[i][ringIndex];
                    _rings[i][ringIndex] = null;
                }
                else
                {
                    _executingRings[i] = null;
                }
            }

            for (var i = 0; i < _ringLayers; i++)
            {
                var timer = _executingRings[i];
                if (timer == null)
                {
                    continue;
                }

                events = true;

                do
                {
                    var next = timer._nextTimer;

                    timer.Detach();

                    // Check to see if it's running just in case it was stopped by another timer
                    if (timer.Running)
                    {
                        if (i > 0 && timer._remaining > 0)
                        {
                            // Promote
                            AddTimer(timer, timer._remaining);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Execute(timer);
                        }
                    }

                    timer = next;
                } while (timer != null);
            }

            _timerWheelExecuting = false;

            return events;
        }

        private static void Execute(Timer timer)
        {
            var finished = timer.Count != 0 && ++timer.Index >= timer.Count;

            var version = timer.Version;

            var prof = timer.GetProfile();
            prof?.Start();
            timer.OnTick();
            prof?.Finish();

            // If the timer has not been stopped, and it has not been altered (restarted, returned etc)
            if (timer.Running && timer.Version == version)
            {
                if (finished)
                {
                    timer.Stop();
                }
                else
                {
                    timer.Delay = timer.Interval;
                    timer.Next = Core.Now + timer.Interval;
                    AddTimer(timer, (long)timer.Delay.TotalMilliseconds);
                }
            }
        }

        private static void AddTimer(Timer timer, long delay)
        {
#if DEBUG_TIMERS
            var originalDelay = delay
#endif
            delay = Math.Max(0, delay);

            var resolutionPowerOf2 = _tickRatePowerOf2;
            for (var i = 0; i < _ringLayers; i++)
            {
                var resolution = 1L << resolutionPowerOf2;
                var nextResolutionPowerOf2 = resolutionPowerOf2 + _ringSizePowerOf2;
                var max = 1L << nextResolutionPowerOf2;
                if (delay < max)
                {
                    var remaining = delay & (resolution - 1);
                    var slot = (delay >> resolutionPowerOf2) + _ringIndexes[i] + (remaining > 0 ? 1 : 0);

                    // Round up if we have a delay of 0
                    if (delay == 0)
                    {
                        slot++;
                        remaining = 0;
                    }

                    if (slot >= _ringSize)
                    {
                        slot -= _ringSize;
                    }

                    timer.Attach(_rings[i][slot]);
                    timer._remaining = remaining;
                    timer._ring = i;
                    timer._slot = (int)slot;

                    _rings[i][slot] = timer;

                    return;
                }

                // The remaining amount until we turn this ring
                delay -= resolution * (_ringSize - _ringIndexes[i]);
                resolutionPowerOf2 = nextResolutionPowerOf2;
            }

            // TODO: Handle timers > 17yrs
#if DEBUG_TIMERS
            logger.Error($"Timer is more than max duration. ({originalDelay})");
#endif
        }

        public static void DumpInfo(TextWriter tw)
        {
            tw.WriteLine("Date: {0}\n", Core.Now.ToLocalTime());
            tw.WriteLine("Pool - Count: {0}; Size {1}\n", _poolCount - _timerPoolDepletionAmount, _poolCapacity);

            var total = 0.0;
            var hash = new Dictionary<string, int>();

            for (var i = 0; i < _ringLayers; i++)
            {
                for (var j = 0; j < _ringSize; j++)
                {
                    var t = _rings[i][j];
                    if (t == null)
                    {
                        continue;
                    }

                    var name = t.ToString();

                    hash.TryGetValue(name, out var count);
                    hash[name] = count + 1;

                    total++;
                }
            }

            tw.WriteLine("Timers:");

            foreach (var (name, count) in hash.OrderByDescending(o => o.Value))
            {
                var percent = count / total;
                var line = $"{count:#,0} ({percent:P1})";
                // 6 - 15 / 8 = 1
                var tabs = new string('\t', line.Length < 12 ? 2 : 1);
                tw.WriteLine($"{line}{tabs}{name}");
            }

#if DEBUG_TIMERS
            tw.WriteLine("\nStack Traces:");
            foreach (var kvp in DelayCallTimer._stackTraces)
            {
                tw.WriteLine(kvp.Value);
                tw.WriteLine();
            }
#endif

            tw.WriteLine();
            tw.WriteLine();
        }

        public static void ClearAllTimers(long tickCount)
        {
            _lastTickTurned = tickCount;

            foreach (var t in _rings)
            {
                for (var i = 0; i < _ringSize; i++)
                {
                    var node = t[i];
                    Timer next;

                    do
                    {
                        next = node?._nextTimer;
                        node?.Stop();
                    } while (next != null);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}