ModernUO/Projects/Server/Main.cs

/*************************************************************************
 * ModernUO                                                              *
 * Copyright 2019-2020 - ModernUO Development Team                       *
 * Email: hi@modernuo.com                                                *
 * File: Main.cs                                                         *
 *                                                                       *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or     *
 * (at your option) any later version.                                   *
 *                                                                       *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License     *
 * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
 *************************************************************************/

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Server.Buffers;
using Server.Json;
using Server.Logging;
using Server.Network;

namespace Server
{
    public static class Core
    {
        private static readonly ILogger logger = LogFactory.GetLogger(typeof(Core));

        private static bool _crashed;
        private static string _baseDirectory;

        private static bool _profiling;
        private static long _profileStart;
        private static long _profileTime;
#nullable enable
        private static bool? _isRunningFromXUnit;
#nullable restore

        private static int _itemCount;
        private static int _mobileCount;
        public static EventLoopContext LoopContext { get; set; }

        private static readonly Type[] _serialTypeArray = { typeof(Serial) };

        public static readonly bool IsWindows = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows);
        public static readonly bool IsDarwin = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.OSX);
        public static readonly bool IsFreeBSD = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.FreeBSD);
        public static readonly bool IsLinux = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Linux) || IsFreeBSD;
        public static readonly bool Unix = IsDarwin || IsFreeBSD || IsLinux;

        private const string AssembliesConfiguration = "Data/assemblies.json";

#nullable enable
        // TODO: Find a way to get rid of this
        public static bool IsRunningFromXUnit
        {
            get
            {
                if (_isRunningFromXUnit != null)
                {
                    return _isRunningFromXUnit.Value;
                }

                foreach (var a in AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies())
                {
                    if (a.FullName.InsensitiveStartsWith("xunit"))
                    {
                        _isRunningFromXUnit = true;
                        return true;
                    }
                }

                _isRunningFromXUnit = false;
                return false;
            }
        }
#nullable restore

        public static bool Profiling
        {
            get => _profiling;
            set
            {
                if (_profiling == value)
                {
                    return;
                }

                _profiling = value;

                if (_profileStart > 0)
                {
                    _profileTime += Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() - _profileStart;
                }

                _profileStart = _profiling ? Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() : 0;
            }
        }

        public static TimeSpan ProfileTime =>
            TimeSpan.FromTicks(_profileStart > 0 ? _profileTime + (Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() - _profileStart) : _profileTime);

        public static Assembly Assembly { get; set; }

        // Assembly file version
        public static Version Version => new(ThisAssembly.AssemblyFileVersion);

        public static Process Process { get; private set; }

        public static Thread Thread { get; private set; }

        [ThreadStatic]
        private static long _tickCount;

        [ThreadStatic]
        private static DateTime _now;

        // For Unix Stopwatch.Frequency is normalized to 1ns
        // We don't anticipate needing this for Windows/OSX
        private const long _maxTickCountBeforePrecisionLoss = long.MaxValue / 1000L;
        private static readonly long _ticksPerMillisecond = Stopwatch.Frequency / 1000L;

        public static long TickCount
        {
            get
            {
                if (_tickCount != 0)
                {
                    return _tickCount;
                }

                var timestamp = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
                return timestamp > _maxTickCountBeforePrecisionLoss
                    ? timestamp / _ticksPerMillisecond
                    // No precision loss
                    : 1000L * timestamp / Stopwatch.Frequency;
            }
            // Setting this to a value lower than the previous is bad. Timers will become delayed
            // until time catches up.
            set => _tickCount = value;
        }

        public static DateTime Now
        {
            get => _now == DateTime.MinValue ? DateTime.UtcNow : _now;
            set => _now = value;
        }

        public static bool MultiProcessor { get; private set; }

        public static int ProcessorCount { get; private set; }

        public static string BaseDirectory
        {
            get
            {
                if (_baseDirectory == null)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        _baseDirectory = Assembly.Location;

                        if (_baseDirectory.Length > 0)
                        {
                            _baseDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(_baseDirectory);
                        }
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        _baseDirectory = "";
                    }
                }

                return _baseDirectory;
            }
        }

        public static CancellationTokenSource ClosingTokenSource { get; } = new();

        public static bool Closing => ClosingTokenSource.IsCancellationRequested;

        public static string Arguments
        {
            get
            {
                var sb = new StringBuilder();

                if (_profiling)
                {
                    Utility.Separate(sb, "-profile", " ");
                }

                return sb.ToString();
            }
        }

        public static int GlobalUpdateRange { get; set; } = 18;

        public static int GlobalMaxUpdateRange { get; set; } = 24;

        public static int ScriptItems => _itemCount;
        public static int ScriptMobiles => _mobileCount;

        public static Expansion Expansion { get; set; }

        public static bool T2A => Expansion >= Expansion.T2A;

        public static bool UOR => Expansion >= Expansion.UOR;

        public static bool UOTD => Expansion >= Expansion.UOTD;

        public static bool LBR => Expansion >= Expansion.LBR;

        public static bool AOS => Expansion >= Expansion.AOS;

        public static bool SE => Expansion >= Expansion.SE;

        public static bool ML => Expansion >= Expansion.ML;

        public static bool SA => Expansion >= Expansion.SA;

        public static bool HS => Expansion >= Expansion.HS;

        public static bool TOL => Expansion >= Expansion.TOL;

        public static bool EJ => Expansion >= Expansion.EJ;

        public static string FindDataFile(string path, bool throwNotFound = true)
        {
            string fullPath = null;

            foreach (var p in ServerConfiguration.DataDirectories)
            {
                fullPath = Path.Combine(p, path);

                if (File.Exists(fullPath))
                {
                    break;
                }

                fullPath = null;
            }

            if (fullPath == null && throwNotFound)
            {
                throw new FileNotFoundException($"Data: {path} was not found");
            }

            return fullPath;
        }

        private static void CurrentDomain_UnhandledException(object sender, UnhandledExceptionEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(e.IsTerminating ? "Error:" : "Warning:");
            Console.WriteLine(e.ExceptionObject);

            if (e.IsTerminating)
            {
                _crashed = true;

                var close = false;

                try
                {
                    var args = new ServerCrashedEventArgs(e.ExceptionObject as Exception);

                    EventSink.InvokeServerCrashed(args);

                    close = args.Close;
                }
                catch
                {
                    // ignored
                }

                if (!close)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("This exception is fatal, press return to exit");
                    Console.ReadLine();
                }

                Kill();
            }
        }

        private static void CurrentDomain_ProcessExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!Closing)
            {
                HandleClosed();
            }
        }

        private static void Console_CancelKeyPressed(object sender, ConsoleCancelEventArgs e)
        {
            var keypress = e.SpecialKey switch
            {
                ConsoleSpecialKey.ControlBreak => "CTRL+BREAK",
                _ => "CTRL+C"
            };

            logger.Information($"Detected {keypress} pressed.");
            e.Cancel = true;
            Kill();
        }

        public static void Kill(bool restart = false)
        {
            if (Closing)
            {
                return;
            }

            HandleClosed();

            if (restart)
            {
                if (IsWindows)
                {
                    Process.Start("dotnet", Assembly.Location);
                }
                else
                {
                    var process = new Process
                    {
                        StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo
                        {
                            FileName = "dotnet",
                            Arguments = Assembly.Location,
                            UseShellExecute = true
                        }
                    };

                    process.Start();
                }
            }

            Process.Kill();
        }

        private static void HandleClosed()
        {
            ClosingTokenSource.Cancel();

            logger.Information("Shutting down");

            World.WaitForWriteCompletion();

            if (!_crashed)
            {
                EventSink.InvokeShutdown();
            }
        }

        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += CurrentDomain_ProcessExit;

            LoopContext = new EventLoopContext();

            SynchronizationContext.SetSynchronizationContext(LoopContext);

            foreach (var a in args)
            {
                if (a.InsensitiveEquals("-profile"))
                {
                    Profiling = true;
                }
            }

            Thread = Thread.CurrentThread;
            Process = Process.GetCurrentProcess();
            Assembly = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly();

            if (Assembly == null)
            {
                throw new Exception("Core: Assembly entry is missing.");
            }

            if (Thread != null)
            {
                Thread.Name = "Core Thread";
            }

            if (BaseDirectory.Length > 0)
            {
                Directory.SetCurrentDirectory(BaseDirectory);
            }

            Utility.PushColor(ConsoleColor.Green);
            Console.WriteLine(
                "ModernUO - [https://github.com/modernuo/modernuo] Version {0}.{1}.{2}.{3}",
                Version.Major,
                Version.Minor,
                Version.Build,
                Version.Revision
            );
            Utility.PopColor();

            Utility.PushColor(ConsoleColor.DarkGray);
            Console.WriteLine(@"Copyright 2019-2020 ModernUO Development Team
                This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;
                This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.

                You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
                along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
            ".TrimMultiline());
            Utility.PopColor();

            logger.Information($"Running on {RuntimeInformation.FrameworkDescription}");

            var s = Arguments;

            if (s.Length > 0)
            {
                logger.Information($"Running with arguments: {s}");
            }

            ProcessorCount = Environment.ProcessorCount;

            if (ProcessorCount > 1)
            {
                MultiProcessor = true;
            }

            if (MultiProcessor)
            {
                logger.Information($"Optimizing for {ProcessorCount} processor{(ProcessorCount == 1 ? "" : "s")}");
            }

            Console.CancelKeyPress += Console_CancelKeyPressed;

            if (GCSettings.IsServerGC)
            {
                logger.Information("Server garbage collection mode enabled");
            }

            logger.Information($"High resolution timing ({(Stopwatch.IsHighResolution ? "Supported" : "Unsupported")})");

            ServerConfiguration.Load();

            var assemblyPath = Path.Join(BaseDirectory, AssembliesConfiguration);

            // Load UOContent.dll
            var assemblyFiles = JsonConfig.Deserialize<List<string>>(assemblyPath)?.ToArray();
            if (assemblyFiles == null)
            {
                throw new JsonException($"Failed to deserialize {assemblyPath}.");
            }

            for (var i = 0; i < assemblyFiles.Length; i++)
            {
                assemblyFiles[i] = Path.Join(BaseDirectory, "Assemblies", assemblyFiles[i]);
            }

            AssemblyHandler.LoadScripts(assemblyFiles);

            VerifySerialization();

            Timer.Init(TickCount);

            AssemblyHandler.Invoke("Configure");

            TileMatrixLoader.LoadTileMatrix();

            RegionLoader.LoadRegions();
            World.Load();

            AssemblyHandler.Invoke("Initialize");

            TcpServer.Start();
            EventSink.InvokeServerStarted();
            RunEventLoop();
        }

        public static void RunEventLoop()
        {
            try
            {
                const int interval = 100;
                int idleCount = 0;

                while (!Closing)
                {
                    _tickCount = TickCount;
                    _now = DateTime.UtcNow;

                    var events = Mobile.ProcessDeltaQueue();
                    events += Item.ProcessDeltaQueue();
                    events += Timer.Slice(_tickCount);

                    // Handle networking
                    events += TcpServer.Slice();
                    events += NetState.HandleAllReceives();
                    events += NetState.Slice();

                    // Execute captured post-await methods (like Timer.Pause)
                    events += LoopContext.ExecuteTasks();

                    Timer.CheckTimerPool(); // Check for pool depletion so we can async refill it.

                    _tickCount = 0;
                    _now = DateTime.MinValue;

                    if (events > 0)
                    {
                        idleCount = 0;
                        continue;
                    }

                    if (++idleCount > interval)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(1);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                CurrentDomain_UnhandledException(null, new UnhandledExceptionEventArgs(e, true));
            }
        }

        public static void VerifySerialization()
        {
            _itemCount = 0;
            _mobileCount = 0;

            var callingAssembly = Assembly.GetCallingAssembly();

            VerifySerialization(callingAssembly);

            foreach (var assembly in AssemblyHandler.Assemblies)
            {
                if (assembly != callingAssembly)
                {
                    VerifySerialization(assembly);
                }
            }
        }

        private static void VerifyType(Type type)
        {
            if (!type.IsAssignableTo(typeof(ISerializable)) || type.IsInterface || type.IsAbstract)
            {
                return;
            }

            if (type.IsSubclassOf(typeof(Item)))
            {
                Interlocked.Increment(ref _itemCount);
            }
            else if (type.IsSubclassOf(typeof(Mobile)))
            {
                Interlocked.Increment(ref _mobileCount);
            }

            ValueStringBuilder errors = new ValueStringBuilder();

            try
            {
                if (World.DirtyTrackingEnabled)
                {
                    var manualDirtyCheckingAttribute = type.GetCustomAttribute<ManualDirtyCheckingAttribute>(false);
                    var codeGennedAttribute = type.GetCustomAttribute<SerializableAttribute>(false);

                    if (manualDirtyCheckingAttribute == null && codeGennedAttribute == null)
                    {
                        errors.AppendLine("       - No property tracking (dirty checking)");
                    }
                }

                if (type.GetConstructor(_serialTypeArray) == null)
                {
                    errors.AppendLine("       - No serialization constructor");
                }

                const BindingFlags bindingFlags = BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
                                                  BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly;

                var hasSerializeMethod = false;
                var hasDeserializeMethod = false;

                foreach (var method in type.GetMethods(bindingFlags))
                {
                    if (method.Name == "Serialize")
                    {
                        hasSerializeMethod = true;
                    }

                    if (method.Name == "Deserialize")
                    {
                        var parameters = method.GetParameters();
                        if (parameters.Length == 1 && parameters[0].ParameterType == typeof(IGenericReader))
                        {
                            hasDeserializeMethod = true;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (!hasSerializeMethod)
                {
                    errors.AppendLine("       - No Serialize() method");
                }

                if (!hasDeserializeMethod)
                {
                    errors.AppendLine("       - No Deserialize() method");
                }

                if (errors.Length > 0)
                {
                    Utility.PushColor(ConsoleColor.Red);
                    Console.WriteLine($"{type}\n{errors.ToString()}");
                    Utility.PopColor();
                }
            }
            catch (AmbiguousMatchException e)
            {
                // ignored
            }
            catch
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Warning: Exception in serialization verification of type {0}", type);
            }
        }

        private static void VerifySerialization(Assembly assembly)
        {
            if (assembly != null)
            {
                Parallel.ForEach(assembly.GetTypes(), VerifyType);
            }
        }
    }
}